Research output: Contribution to journal › Review article › peer-review
Influence of zinc on glycosaminoglycan neutralisation during coagulation. / Sobczak, Amélie I. S.; Pitt, Samantha J.; Stewart, Alan J.
In: Metallomics, Vol. 10, No. 9, 09.2018, p. 1180-1190.Research output: Contribution to journal › Review article › peer-review
}
TY - JOUR
T1 - Influence of zinc on glycosaminoglycan neutralisation during coagulation
AU - Sobczak, Amélie I. S.
AU - Pitt, Samantha J.
AU - Stewart, Alan J.
N1 - This work was supported by the British Heart Foundation (grant codes: PG/15/9/31270 and FS/15/42/31556). SJP is supported by a Royal Society of Edinburgh Biomedical Fellowship.
PY - 2018/9
Y1 - 2018/9
N2 - Heparan sulfate (HS), dermatan sulfate (DS) and heparin are glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) that serve as key natural and pharmacological anticoagulants. During normal clotting such agents require to be inactivated or neutralised. Several proteins have been reported to facilitate their neutralisation, which reside in platelet α-granules and are released following platelet activation. These include histidine-rich-glycoprotein (HRG), fibrinogen and high-molecular-weight kininogen (HMWK). Zinc ions (Zn2+) are also present in α-granules at a high concentration and participate in the propagation of coagulation by influencing the binding of neutralising proteins to GAGs. Zn2+ in many cases increases the affinity of these proteins to GAGs, and is thus an important regulator of GAG neutralisation and haemostasis. Binding of Zn2+ to HRG, HMWK and fibrinogen is mediated predominantly through coordination to histidine residues but the mechanisms by which Zn2+ increases the affinity of the proteins for GAGs are not yet completely clear. Here we will review current knowledge of how Zn2+ binds to and influences the neutralisation of GAGs and describe the importance of this process in both normal and pathogenic clotting.
AB - Heparan sulfate (HS), dermatan sulfate (DS) and heparin are glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) that serve as key natural and pharmacological anticoagulants. During normal clotting such agents require to be inactivated or neutralised. Several proteins have been reported to facilitate their neutralisation, which reside in platelet α-granules and are released following platelet activation. These include histidine-rich-glycoprotein (HRG), fibrinogen and high-molecular-weight kininogen (HMWK). Zinc ions (Zn2+) are also present in α-granules at a high concentration and participate in the propagation of coagulation by influencing the binding of neutralising proteins to GAGs. Zn2+ in many cases increases the affinity of these proteins to GAGs, and is thus an important regulator of GAG neutralisation and haemostasis. Binding of Zn2+ to HRG, HMWK and fibrinogen is mediated predominantly through coordination to histidine residues but the mechanisms by which Zn2+ increases the affinity of the proteins for GAGs are not yet completely clear. Here we will review current knowledge of how Zn2+ binds to and influences the neutralisation of GAGs and describe the importance of this process in both normal and pathogenic clotting.
KW - Anticoagulants
KW - Blood clotting
KW - Heparin
KW - Platelets
KW - Zinc
UR - https://europepmc.org/articles/PMC6148461
U2 - 10.1039/C8MT00159F
DO - 10.1039/C8MT00159F
M3 - Review article
VL - 10
SP - 1180
EP - 1190
JO - Metallomics
JF - Metallomics
SN - 1756-5901
IS - 9
ER -
Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review
Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review
Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review
Research output: Contribution to journal › Article
Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review
Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review
ID: 255043324