Fuel Celts are highly promising energy conversion systems for the new energy scenario. Particularly, Solid Oxide Fuel Cells (SOFCs) have been extensively studied during the last few years as a result of the increasing interest in the development of more efficient, and environmentally friendly ways of energy generation, as well as a consequence of their fuel flexibility. This work shows some strategies to improve the efficiency of SOFCs through the use of new anode materials, a novel method of microstructural optimisation by means of polymeric templates, using composites or cermets-based materials or applying a new concept in SOFC, e.g, the Symmetrical SOFC (SFC).